Entry overview: Gay men are men who have sexual desire and love for the same sex. Homosexuality in some populations often refers to gay men, due to neglect or unawareness that lesbians are also part of the gay community. In the 1950s and late 1960s in the West, the homosexual movement was called "Gay Movement" regardless of gender. In other words, gay men were called "Gay", and lesbians were also called "Gay". Beginning in the 1970s, Gay gradually began to refer only to gay men.
Basic Information
Chinese name: Gay
Aliases: Gay, Fen Tao, Longyang, Broken Sleeve, etc.
Foreign name: gay
Definition: love between men
Identity
Gay men are identified by the pink triangle, the inverted pink triangle used by the Nazis to identify gay prisoners during the Holocaust. The logo was later used as a symbol for Gay Pride and the Gay Rights Movement, and it is also the most popular gay symbol besides the rainbow flag. Legally defined, the term "gay" tends to be attributed to sexual relations between men. The process of homosexuality identification varies from person to person. Some people realize that they are attracted to men during adolescence, while others realize their homosexual tendencies after adolescence (eg, after entering a social marriage).
Western etymology
The term homosexual is a modern concept. The word first appeared in an article by the Hungarian writer Karl-Maria Kertbeny.
history
In the late 19th century, the German Empire enacted a new constitution that punished men who had sex with men between one and four years in prison. Karl Maria Kolter Bailey wrote an article criticizing and resisting the decree and coined the word "homosexual" for the first time to replace the derogatory term "pederast" (sodomy), which was widely used at the time. Karl Maria Kortberly hoped that his new term and interpretation of it would be helpful in repealing Section 175 of the German Reich's Criminal Code, which was still passed and implemented in 1871. 60 years later, it became the legal source of the Nazi government's murder of homosexuals.
The word "homosexual" is directly translated to mean "homosexual", derived from the Greek prefix "homo-" (meaning "same") and the Latin root "sex" (meaning "sex"). Other terms referring to homosexuality, such as "homophilia" and "inversion", are no longer in use.
History
With the emergence and development of psychology, "homosexual" began to become a term used to refer to a mental illness in medical clinical research. For this reason, the term "homosexual" was considered a slur by homosexuals until the American Psychiatric Association removed "homosexual" from its list of mental illnesses in 1973. As a result, Western homosexuals rarely use the term "homosexual" to refer to themselves and same-sex sexuality.
status quo
"gay" is often used to refer to gay men, while for lesbians, due to the influence of second-wave feminism, "lesbian" is more used, which is derived from a small island in ancient Greece. Name Lesbos (Lesbos Island). Located in the Aegean Sea near the northwestern coast of Turkey, this small island is rocky and was an important settlement for the Aeolians. In the 7th century BC, Lesbos was famous for its lyric poets.
Among these poets, the most famous is the lesbian poet Sappho (Ancient Greek: Σαπφώ; Latinized: Sappho, about 630 or 612 BC to about 592 or 560 BC). "Lesbian" originally meant the people who lived on the island, but since Sappho, the word "Lesbian" began to have a new meaning. In the late 19th century, the medical profession began to use "lesbian" to refer to women who had the same sexual orientation as Sappho. Since then, "lesbian" has come to include lesbian connotations and has been widely used.
Other English terms for homosexuality, such as "fag", "faggot", "homo" and "dyke", are derogatory pronouns for homosexuals. The word "queer" to address the LGBT community was originally a derogatory term, but with the use within the LGBT community, the word began to be recognized by the LGBT community, but not everyone accepted the term.
Chinese etymology
In ancient Chinese history, there was no such thing as "gay men".
History "Broken Sleeves": The "Han Shu: Ning Xing Biography" was uttered. Emperor Ai of Han and Dong Xian slept together. Dong Xian pressed the emperor's sleeves. The emperor couldn't bear to wake him up and broke his sleeves. "Longyang": In "Warring States Policy, Wei Ce", it is recorded that Lord Longyang was the pillow seat of King Wei. "Yu Tao" and "Separation of peaches": Mi Zixia and Wei Ling shared peaches and ate them. Mi Zixia once stole the king's chariot and committed the crime. When Mizixia was old, Duke Ling of Wei asked Mizixia about his sins and said, "I have tried to steer my chariot, and I have tasted my remaining peaches." There are other words such as "male style", "male sex", "walking the dry road" and "rabbit" to euphemistically refer to the phenomenon of male homosexuality. In Li Yu's "Flesh Pouf", it is recorded that the children's book and the scabbard, "Both characters are equally charming, and their appearance is the same as that of a beautiful woman."
Evolution In modern spoken Chinese, the word "comrade" has gradually evolved into a social term for LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender) and an official term for the community (such as "Taiwan Gay Consultation Hotline"). Association” group), but in other contexts the original meaning of the term remains the same. Some people also use the more neutral, neutral synonym of "homosexuality". In addition, in Hong Kong and Macao Cantonese, the "base" derived from the English word gay is used to refer to homosexuality.
But the term usually has a derogatory connotation. Taiwanese people commonly call gay men "fake" or "jia" because of the homophonic pronunciation of "fake" and "gay" in Taiwanese. Other terms include "glass" and so on. In some regional dialects, gay men are also called "Piao Piao". In the Fujian area of Guangdong, there is also the title of brother-in-law, which is transformed from sworn brothers and contains homosexuality. Due to the stigmatization of sworn brothers, among sworn brothers, the elders call the younger ones as sires.
Status Quo With the advent of the Internet and gay bars, more Chinese words are emerging within the gay community. These terms are often unfamiliar to people in the non-gay community. For example, in Taiwan, Motss (Member Of The Same Sex) is usually used on a network system such as BBS. Gay men have their own set of nouns and expressions they use. For example, the more common term in Taiwanese gay culture term is "C goods", which is derived from the English "Sissy" and "Nancy", which refers to gay men with a feminine temperament; Macho Queen (King Kong Barbie) refers to a very masculine appearance and a body A sturdy, but vaguely feminine, gay man in action and thought.
In addition, just like the "top" and "bottom" of lesbians, Taiwanese gay men are generally divided into two types: "attack" (also called 'brother') and "shou" (also called 'brother'). Role. However, the main difference between the two is not the degree of femininity or masculinity, but the concepts of protection and dependence, but generally speaking, the distinction is not obvious and has no firm definition, and it is mainly men who exclude feminine temperament.
In addition, there are also implicit terms among gay men to distinguish objects by body shape. Such terms usually refer to animals to describe the appearance of themselves or their subjects; "monkey" refers to a male who is relatively feminine, petite, and thin in appearance, "wolf" refers to a lean, masculine male, and "bear" refers to a tall, Strong, rough-looking, bearded men, "pig" is used to refer to chubby men, either fair or rough in appearance, but because the word "pig" has a derogatory connotation and is excessively directed against criticism The appearance of others means, so there is another "fat bear" title. In addition, because Ang Lee's film "Brokeback Mountain" won the Oscar, the word "broken back" has also become another name for homosexuality.
concept
People who have love, sexual desire or admiration for the same sex are called homosexuals. After gay people marry, their same-sex orientation may change. Homosexuality, heterosexuality, etc. are all modern concepts from the West. In traditional Chinese culture, there is no deliberate distinction between sexual orientations, but rather let nature take its course. Same-sex relationships in different historical periods have their own characteristics, and it is impossible to directly correspond to modern "homosexuality" one-to-one. There is a difference. In many ancient writings, one can get a glimpse of what people thought about homosexual love. In the Fujian area during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a brotherhood relationship similar to same-sex marriage was born. In contemporary times, some homosexuals also choose to marry the same sex.
