首先先来做个小测验,检视一下自己对于「从属子句」到底了不了解吧!
请选出正确的句子!
( ) Do you know where it is?
( ) Do you know where is it?
( ) I don’t understand why did she does that
( ) I don’t understand why she did it.
( ) I don’t know how can I live without you
( ) I don’t know how I can live without you.
到底什么是子句呢?
简单来说,可以分为「独立子句」( independent clause) 以及「从属子句」( subordinate clause),又称为「附属子句」。
句子最基本的架构就是 S+V+O
I ate a sandwich yesterday.
S V O
若非完整句构,那就属于从属子句啰!
从属子句依功能不同又可以分为三种
Table of Contents
1. 名词子句
2. 形容词子句
3. 副词子句
想要利用通勤时间,完整学习最实用的各类英文用法吗?
1. 名词子句
作为主词、受词、补语三种用法
可以用以三种连接词引导 :
wh-疑问词 : what/who/where/why/when/which/how
以它们作为「主词」的用法当示范:
How I do my job is none of your business.
我怎么做事跟你一点关系都没有。
它们也可以作为「受词」使用:
Alishan is a stunning spot to enjoy sunrise. Do you know where it is?
阿里山是看日出的绝佳地点,你知道在哪吗?
if/whether
以它们作为「受词」的用法当示范:
I don’t care whether she will come to the party or not.
我不在乎她是否会来参加派对。
that (当受词时可省略)
以它们作为「补语」的用法当示范:
We all know the fact that she is a liar.
我们都知道她是个骗子。
2. 形容词子句
从属子句当中的形容词子句,其实就是大家最熟悉的关系代名词!
who/whom 修饰人
which 修饰物
that 则两者皆可
where 修饰地方
when 修饰时间
why 修饰原因
用例句说明更清楚!
She is the kind of girl whom I want to marry.
她是让我想要的结为连理的女生。
这里的 who I want to marry 便是形容前面的 girl。
Do you know the reason why she got angry?
你知道她为什么生气吗?
why she got angry 用来形容受词 the reason,让整个句子更完整。
3. 副词子句
副词子句是大家很容易搞混的文法,它的主要功能是提供与主要子句的逻辑关系,例如因果、时间、条件、地点、目的等等。
表因果连接词:because/since/as/as long as
Since you’re not too busy now, would you give me a hand?
既然你满闲的,可以帮我一个忙吗?
表时间关系:when/after/before/while/as/since/until/as soon as/by the time
Let’s discuss the project in detail before the meeting starts.
让我们在开会前讨论一下专案的细节吧!
As soon as Lady Gaga arrived at the airport, the paparazzi soon surrounded her.
女神卡卡一到机场就被狗仔们包围。
表示条件:if/unless/in case
I’ll be in my office in case you need me.
我会待在办公室里,随时可以找到我。
表示地点:wherever/anywhere
I will follow you wherever you go.
你到哪里,我都跟随着你。
表示目的:so that/in order that
Please keep quiet so that other classmates can rest.
请保持安静让其他同学得以休息。
了解完从属子句的概念,有没有发现一个大重点?那就是句构都是直述句!
什么意思呢?
即使是问句当中的从属子句,也是用 S+V+O 的句型!掌握这个关键,以后就再也不会搞混啦!
现在就来公布一开始例题的解答吧!
(O) Do you know where it is?
(X) Do you know where is it?
(X) I don’t understand why did she does that
(O) I don’t understand why she did it.
(X) I don’t how can I live without you
(O) I don’t know how I can live without you.
其实很多人会犯错的原因,就是因为从属子句附加在问句里面,就觉得要倒装!
但只要掌握「直述句」的观念,就一清二楚啦!