1. Envy vs. jealousy
这两个字都可以拿来表示「渴望获得别人拥有的事物而产生的情绪」,但是 jealousy 更为强烈、负面且带有具敌意。而且也只有 jealousy/jealous 可以表示因为害怕自己拥有的事物被夺走而产生的「妒忌;猜忌;吃醋」情感。请看以下说明进一步了解详细用法:
Envy 当作名词是「羡慕;嫉妒」的意思,表示因为渴望、想得到他人拥有的事物所产生的情绪,但是并无敌意。名词 envy 也可以表示「令众人称羡、嫉妒的对象」,此时须以 of 来连接感到羡慕或嫉妒的群体。
I watched with envy as she drove away in her brand-new convertible.
我满心羡慕地看着她开着全新的敞篷车扬长而去。
Crowned as prom queen, Casey has become the envy of the school.
被加冕为毕业舞会皇后的 Casey 成了令全校称羡的对象。
Envy 亦可当作及物动词使用,受词可以是人、事、物。若要表示「因为…而羡慕…」,英文要说 envy… for…。
I envy my sister’s ability to learn everything very quickly.
我羡慕我姊姊可以快速学会每件事的能力。
Many people envy him for being wealthy.
很多人都嫉妒他的富有。
Envy 的形容词是 envious(羡慕的;忌妒的),另可加上用 of 来连接羡慕或嫉妒的事物。
Cinderella could feel the envious looks from everyone in the ballroom as she entered in her mesmerizing gown.
当灰姑娘穿着迷人无比的礼服进场时,可以感受到宴会厅所有人投向自己的羡慕目光。
He is always envious of his brother’s great body.
他总是很羡慕哥哥的好身材。
名词 jealousy 的意思是「嫉妒,妒恨」,表示因为他人拥有自己渴望的东西而产生的愤怒、不悦之情。而 jealous 是 jealousy 的形容词形态,其意思是「嫉妒的,妒恨的」,常用 of 连结嫉妒、妒恨的事物。
Jack was consumed by jealousy when he saw his parents giving his little brother the toy he had always wanted.
当 Jack 看见爸妈把自己一直以来都很想要的玩具送给弟弟时,他嫉妒得不得了。
Lucy was so jealous of her sister’s beautiful hair that she cut it when her sister was asleep.
Lucy 因为太嫉妒姊姊的漂亮头发,于是趁姊姊睡觉时把头发剪了。
另外,jealousy 当作名词时还可以表示「猜忌;妒忌;醋意」,而形容词 jealous 亦可形容「猜忌的;妒忌的;吃醋的」。 Jealousy 及 jealous 时常用于描述恋爱关系中的猜忌及吃醋。这种愤怒、不悦的情绪多半源自害怕自己所拥有的事物会被夺取或是担心自己会被取代。
Their relationship was once perfect, but now it’s destroyed by jealousy.
他们的感情曾经相当完美,但现在都被猜忌给摧毁了。
I know it’s wrong, but seeing my girlfriend talking to other men always makes me jealous.
我知道这样不对,但每当看到我女朋友跟其他男人说话,我总是大吃飞醋。
2. Like vs. love
动词 like 的意思是「喜欢,喜爱」,而动词 love 的则表示「爱恋,热爱」。两者最大的分别在于情感强烈程度,love 比 like 要高出许多。以下进一步说明:
动词 like 的意思是「喜欢,喜爱」,用于表示喜欢或享受某个人、事、物。
I like going to the movies with my friends on weekends.
我喜欢在周末时和朋友去看电影。
Hey! I like you a lot. Would you like to go out for a drink sometime?
嘿!我很喜欢你。你想不想找一天一起去喝一杯啊?
动词 love 的意思是「爱,爱慕;热爱」,表示对某个人、事、物有相当浓厚的情感。
I love burgers! I cannot live without them.
我超爱吃汉堡!没有汉堡我活不下去。
Mom, I just called to tell you how much I love you. Thank you for all that you’ve done for me.
妈妈,我打来只是想告诉妳我多爱妳,谢谢妳为我做的一切。
I had no idea how to react when Leo told me he loves me. We have only been dating for two weeks!
Leo 跟我说他爱我的时候,我完全不知道该怎么反应。我们才刚交往两周欸!
3. Admire vs. appreciate vs. respect
及物动词 admire 的意思是「欣赏;钦佩」,表示因某人的特质或是达成的事而对其产生崇拜之意,常用 for 连结欣赏、崇拜某人的原因。 Admire 也可以表示「欣赏」某事物的美丽或美好。
I really admire him for how he treats everyone nicely and equally.
我很欣赏他总是善良且平等地对待每个人。
You can admire the beauty of the lake from the cable car.
你可以在缆车上欣赏湖泊之美。
及物动词 appreciate 的意思是「赞赏;感激」。需注意,appreciate 的受词不是人,而是某物、某人的特质或是某人做的事,可接名词或是子句。
Over the years, I’ve gradually learned to appreciate the beauty of nature.
在近几年,我渐渐学会欣赏大自然的美。
We really appreciate your hard work.
我们非常感激你的努力。
Thank you for being here in time. I really appreciate it.
谢谢你及时赶到,我非常感激。
动词 respect 的意思是「尊重;敬重」,表示对某人崇高的特质、达成的事物而对其十分敬佩,是个更高层次的字眼。另外,respect 也可以当名词使用。
I can’t help but respect her for what she has done for the sick and poor.
我不禁因她为生病、穷困的人所做的事而对她尊敬无比。
I have a lot of respect for my mother, who raised her three children all by herself.
我非常佩服我妈妈独自扶养三个小孩长大。
看到这里,以上的情感用语是不是都学会啦?只要多练习,下次想表达自己感情时就不用怕弄错闹尴尬啦!